The desalination of sea water runs for ships differently as onshore
Onshore seawater desalination is mostly carried out in
so-called reverse osmosis plants (RO-plants). Seawater is pumped along a
desalination membrane, which pores are too small for salt ions with their
hydrate covers (a cover of water molecules “bound” around the salt ion due to
the electric charge of the ion). Simultaneously, water is pressed through the
pores of the membrane. Thus, the salt in the water stream flowing along the
membrane is concentrated up to 70%. This costs a large amount of energy.
The desalination of sea water in land-based RO-plants
runs differently compared to cruisers. The membrane of ships is in the open sea
– actually, the stream flowing along the membrane IS the open sea – thus, the
salts cannot concentrate at the membrane. Therefore, desalination in the open
sea costs considerably much less energy than in land-based RO-plants. But the
basic energy against the osmotic pressure of the normal salt concentration of
approx. 40 g/l in the seas must still be applied.
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